葫蘆墩育種計劃 Our Breeding Project

葫蘆墩蘭園致力於文心蘭相關類別的發展，培育品種多樣的文心蘭交種。文心蘭族是蘭科中的一個分類，形態多樣和生理需求都有巨大差異。這些蘭花具有密切的分類關係並具有相似的栽培要求。

Hwuluduen Orchid Garden is dedicated to the development of the Oncidium Alliance, cultivating a diverse array of Oncidium. The Oncidium Alliance is a classification within the Orchidaceae family that exhibits significant morphological diversity and physiological differences. These orchids share a close taxonomic relationship and have similar cultivation requirements.

 

文心蘭族簡介

文心蘭族（Oncidium Alliance）是蘭科植物中一個多樣化且廣泛分布的分類群，包括多種具有相似特徵的蘭花屬。這些蘭花在生物分類學上具有密切的關聯性，因為它們共享一些共同的遺傳特徵和栽培需求。以下是幾個被歸類於文心蘭族的重要蘭花屬及其特徵。

The Oncidium Alliance is a diverse and widespread taxon within the Orchidaceae family, including several orchid genera with similar characteristics. These orchids are closely related taxonomically because they share some common genetic characteristics and cultivation requirements. Below are several important genera classified into the oncidium subtribe and their characteristics.

文心蘭屬 (Oncidium)

文心蘭以其經典花形聞名。它們的花朵通常呈黃色，像跳舞的女士，花莖細長，花朵排列在花序上。

Oncidium orchids are renowned for their classic floral shapes. They typically have yellow flowers resembling dancing ladies, with long flower stems and blossoms arranged on a flower spike.

齒舌蘭屬 (Odontoglossum)

齒舌蘭以其精緻的花朵和豐富的色彩而聞名。花朵較大，花瓣邊緣波浪狀，顏色多樣，從白色到紅色不等。

Odontoglossum orchids are known for their delicate flowers and rich colors. They have larger flowers with wavy petal edges, and the colors range from white to red.

蜘蛛蘭屬 (Brassia)

蜘蛛蘭的花朵狀如蜘蛛，花瓣長且細，顏色多樣。花朵通常排列成疏鬆的花序，給人以獨特的外觀。

Brassia orchids, or spider orchids, have flowers that resemble spiders with long, narrow petals in various colors. The flowers are usually arranged in loose clusters, creating a unique appearance.

菫花蘭屬 (Miltonia)

這些蘭花的花朵大而明亮，顏色多樣，花形類似 pansy（三色堇）。花朵呈扇形，花瓣寬大，顏色從粉紅到紫色。

Miltonia orchids have large, bright flowers in a variety of colors, resembling pansies. The flowers are fan-shaped with broad petals, and the colors range from pink to purple.

擬堇花蘭屬 (Miltoniopsis)

與菫花蘭類似，但通常花朵更加圓潤，顏色更柔和。花瓣厚實，顏色從白色到淡粉紅色不等。

Miltoniopsis orchids are similar to Miltonia but typically have rounder flowers with softer colors. The petals are thick, and the colors range from white to light pink.

蛾形文心蘭屬 (Psychopsis)

這些獨特的蘭花以其類似蛾形的花朵聞名。花朵大而鮮豔，花瓣呈現翅膀狀，顏色多樣。

Psychopsis orchids are known for their unique moth-like flowers. The flowers are large and vibrant, with petals resembling wings in various colors.

劍葉文心蘭屬 (Tolumnia)

屬於小型蘭花，葉片細長，花朵顏色豐富，花莖短而堅硬。花朵通常排列在緊密的花序上。

Tolumnia orchids are small orchids with slender leaves, colorful flowers, and short, sturdy flower stems. The flowers are usually arranged in tight clusters.

龜殼文心蘭屬 (Zelenkoa)

這是一種比較罕見的蘭花屬，以其獨特的花形和花色聞名。花朵呈杯狀，花瓣厚實，顏色從黃色到橙色不等。

Zelenkoa is a rare genus of orchids known for its unique flower shapes and colors. The flowers are cup-shaped with thick petals, and the colors range from yellow to orange.

高美蘭屬 (Gomesa)

這個屬的特點是它們的花朵形狀獨特，顏色多樣，花朵通常比較小，顏色可以從淡黃色到深棕色不等。花莖纖細，花朵排列在疏鬆的花序上。

Gomesa orchids are characterized by their unique flower shapes and diverse colors, ranging from pale yellow to deep brown. The flowers are usually small, with slender stems, and arranged in loose clusters.

毛藥蘭屬 (Trichopilia)

鳳梨蘭的花朵通常呈喇叭形，花瓣柔軟，邊緣有褶皺，顏色從白色到淡紫色。這些蘭花有時會散發出淡淡的香氣。

Trichopilia orchids have trumpet-shaped flowers with soft petals, often ruffled at the edges, and range in color from white to light purple. Some of these orchids emit a faint fragrance.

凸唇蘭屬 (Cyrtochilum)

弧唇蘭的花朵形狀獨特，花瓣細長且有時呈波浪狀，花色多樣，常見的顏色包括黃色、橙色和紅色。花朵通常排列在長長的花序上，花莖較長且彎曲。

Cyrtochilum orchids have unique flower shapes with long, sometimes wavy petals, in various colors, commonly yellow, orange, and red. The flowers are usually arranged on long, arching flower spikes.

蘭花形態整理表

屬名	花朵形態	花朵顏色	花莖長度
文心蘭屬	經典花形，跳舞女士，花莖細長	黃色	長花莖
齒舌蘭屬	精緻花朵，波浪狀花瓣	白色到紅色	中長花莖
蜘蛛蘭屬	蜘蛛狀花朵，花瓣長且細	各種顏色	中長花莖
菫花蘭屬	大而明亮，扇形花朵	粉紅到紫色	中長花莖
擬堇花蘭屬	圓潤花朵，厚實花瓣	白色到淡粉紅色	中長花莖
蛾形文心蘭屬	類似蛾形，翅膀狀花瓣	各種顏色	長花莖
劍葉文心蘭屬	小型花朵，緊密排列	多種顏色	短花莖
龜殼文心蘭屬	杯狀花朵，厚實花瓣	黃色到橙色	中長花莖
高美蘭屬	小型花朵，疏鬆排列	淡黃色到深棕色	中長花莖
毛藥蘭屬	喇叭形花朵，邊緣有褶皺	白色到淡紫色	中長花莖
凸唇蘭屬	花瓣細長，常呈波浪狀	黃色、橙色、紅色	長花莖

持續探索與育種挑戰

我們已使用這些種類的蘭花來育出多達千種以上的花型與花色。在這個過程中，我們的主要目標是篩選出適合於台灣天氣生長的各類切花盆花。部分冷季蘭花的花型更為漂亮且花色更加多樣，但相對地，它們的照顧難度也隨之增加。這個挑戰不僅僅體現在養護上，更在於將這些花型與花色成功引入傳統文心蘭屬的難度。但即便面對這些挑戰，我們並未停止探索和嘗試。我們不斷地嘗試更多的品種組合，期許未來能夠更穩定地育種出大家喜愛的花朵。

We have utilized these various types of orchids to breed over a thousand different flower shapes and colors. Our primary goal in this process is to select cut flowers and potted plants that thrive in Taiwan's climate. Some cold-season orchids have more beautiful and diverse flowers, but they also present greater care challenges. This challenge lies not only in maintenance but also in successfully integrating these flower shapes and colors into the traditional Oncidium genus. Despite these challenges, we have not stopped exploring and experimenting. We continue to try more hybrid combinations, hoping to breed flowers that everyone loves more reliably in the future.